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. 2016 Oct 4;16:212. doi: 10.1186/s12870-016-0909-y

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — Effect of chilling on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in two maize hybrids. The 7-day chilling treatment (10 °C day/4 °C night) was applied at about the 6-VL stage (grey zone). From top to bottom: maximal quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm); quantum yield of PSII in the light (400 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ PAR, ΦPSII); regulated thermal energy dissipation (ΦNPQ); constitutive thermal and radiative (fluorescence) energy dissipation (Φf,D). Measurements were performed in the middle of 4th leaf blade before (day 0), during (days 1, 3 and 7) and after (day 14) the chilling treatment. Data are means ± sd of 29 plants (5–8 individuals in 4 experiments). * indicates significant effect of chilling (P < 0.05)