Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of major trauma patients
| Total (266) | Survivors (235) | Non-survivors (31) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 49.7 ± 19.5 | 49.1 ± 19.7 | 54.2 ± 17.6 | 0.17 |
| Male, n (%) | 196 (74) | 173 (74) | 23 (74) | 1.00 |
| Underlying disease, n (%) | ||||
| HTN | 50 (19) | 42 (18) | 8 (26) | 0.33 |
| DM | 32 (12) | 27 (12) | 5 (16) | 0.55 |
| Pulmonary tuberculosis | 4 (2) | 3 (1) | 1 (3) | 0.39 |
| Hepatitis | 3 (1) | 2 (1) | 1 (3) | 0.31 |
| BMI, mean ± SD | 23.2 ± 3.0 | 23.2 ± 3.0 | 23.7 ± 2.9 | 0.36 |
| GCS, median (IQR) | 15.0 (7.0–15.0) | 15.0 (9.0–15.0) | 5.0 (3.0–12.0) | <0.001 |
| ISS, mean ± SD | 26.0 ± 7.9 | 25.4 ± 7.6 | 30.8 ± 8.4 | <0.001 |
| RTS, mean ± SD | 6.726 ± 1.684 | 6.939 ± 1.465 | 5.112 ± 2.298 | <0.001 |
| TRISS, mean ± SD | 79.1 ± 26.8 | 83.7 ± 23.0 | 47.0 ± 32.2 | <0.001 |
| APACHE II, mean ± SD | 16.2 ± 9.2 | 14.7 ± 8.3 | 27.1 ± 8.5 | <0.001 |
| Injury mechanism, n (%) | 0.26 | |||
| MVA (pedestrian) | 86 (32) | 73 (31) | 13 (42) | |
| MVA (passenger) | 39 (15) | 38 (16) | 1 (3) | |
| Motorcycle accidents | 58 (22) | 53 (23) | 5 (16) | |
| Falls | 63 (24) | 53 (23) | 10 (32) | |
| Penetrating injuries | 5 (2) | 5 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| Others | 15 (6) | 13 (6) | 2 (7) | |
| Injury region, n (%) | ||||
| Head & Neck | 209 (79) | 182 (77) | 27 (87) | 0.25 |
| Face | 105 (40) | 94 (40) | 11 (36) | 0.70 |
| Chest | 188 (71) | 172 (73) | 16 (52) | 0.02 |
| Abdomen | 143 (54) | 127 (54) | 16 (52) | 0.85 |
| Extremities | 179 (67) | 160 (68) | 19 (61) | 0.54 |
| External | 193 (73) | 171 (73) | 22 (71) | 1.00 |
SD standard deviation, DM diabetes mellitus, BMI body mass index, GCS Glasgow coma scale, ISS injury severity score, RTS revised trauma score, TRISS, trauma and injury severity score, APACHE II acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II, MVA motor vehicle accidents