Table 2.
Country overview
| Country (World Bank country income classification) [28] |
Name of the scheme(s) (and its abbreviation) | Year of introduction of subsidization arrangements |
|---|---|---|
| Cambodia (Low) |
Health Equity Funds (HEFs) | 2000 [29] |
| Government Subsidy Scheme (SUBO) | 2006 [30] | |
| China (Upper-middle) |
New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS) | Launched in 2003 (fully implemented in 2008) [31] |
| Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) | Launched in 2007 (fully implemented in 2010) [31] | |
| Medical Financial Assistance (MFA), which is complementary to NRCMS and URBMI by covering the co-contribution and/or the cost-sharing of the poorest | 2003 (rural regions); 2007 (urban regions) [31] | |
| India (Lower-middle) |
Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (nation-wide) (RSBY) | 2008 (fully implemented in 2013) [32] |
| Yeshasvini Health Insurance in Karnataka State (Yeshasvini) | 2003 [24] | |
| Rajiv Aarogyasri Community Health Insurance in Andhra Pradesh State (Rajiv Aarogyasri) (until 2014) | 2007 [32] | |
| Kalaignar in Tamil Nadu State | 2009 [24] | |
| Vajapayee Arogyasri Scheme in Karnataka State (Vajapayee Arogyasri) | 2009 [24] | |
| Indonesia (Lower-middle) |
Jaminan Kesehatan Masyarakat (Jamkesmas) | Introduced as Asuuransi Kesehatan Masyarakat Miskin (Askeskin) in 2005; after extension renamed into Jamkesmas in 2007 [33] |
| Mongolia (Lower-middle) |
National Health Insurance Fund | 1994 [34] |
| Philippines (Lower-middle) |
Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth) | 1996 [35] |
| Thailand (Upper-middle) |
Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS) | 2001 [36] |
| Vietnam (Lower-middle) |
Vietnam Social Security (VSS) | Introduced as Health Care fund for the poor in 2002, extended and restructured in 2005 [37] |
The bibliographic references used for each country are indicated in parenthesis in this and the following tables