Table 2.
Characteristics in relation to maternal vitamin D levels in the whole study group
| 25-OH vitamin D | <50 nmol/L |
≥ 50 nmol/L |
Significance of difference (p) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin D deficiency |
Not deficiency |
||||
| n=95 | n=78 | ||||
| Maternal characteristics | |||||
| Age (years) | 29.1 | 5.3 | 30.2 | 4.4 | 0.1 |
| Height (cm) | 163.2 | 5.9 | 166.3 | 7.1 | 0.02 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.7 | 4.1 | 22.9 | 3.6 | 0.2 |
| Nulliparous (n) | 42 | 44.2% | 43 | 55.1% | 0.2 |
| Smoker (n) | 18 | 18.9% | 17 | 21.8% | 0.6 |
| Mode of delivery | |||||
| Vaginal spontaneous (n) | 52 | 54.7% | 46 | 59.0% | 0.6 |
| Vaginal assisted (n) | 3 | 3.2% | 7 | 9.0% | 0.2 |
| Caesarean section (n) | 40 | 42.1% | 25 | 32.1% | 0.2 |
| CS due to suspected fetal distress (n) | 33 | 34.7% | 20 | 25.6% | 0.2 |
| Neonatal outcome | |||||
| Gestational age (days) | 273.0 | 19.1 | 278.9 | 14.6 | 0.02 |
| Preterm delivery (n) | 13 | 13.7% | 4 | 5.1% | 0.06 |
| Birth weight (g) | 3323.5 | 819 | 3447.5 | 678 | 0.3 |
| SGA (n) | 11 | 11.6% | 5 | 6.4% | 0.2 |
| 5 min Apgar score <7 (n) | 6 | 6.3% | 2 | 2.6% | 0.3 |
| Umbilical artery pH | 7.20 | 0.09 | 7.23 | 0.07 | 0.1 |
| Umbilical vein pH | 7.28 | 0.09 | 7.30 | 0.08 | 0.4 |
| Umbilical cord pH ≤7.15 | 20 | 21.1% | 8 | 10.3% | 0.06 |
| Birth asphyxia | 23 | 24.2% | 9 | 11.5% | 0.03 |
Mean and SD or number and percentages are given.
CS, caesarean section; OH, hydroxy; SGA, small-for-gestational age.