Table 1.
Risk of bias
| Reference | Random sequence generation | Allocation concealment | Was self harm repetition ascertained via interview or hospital records (or some other objectively recorded method) | Outcome assessor (for self harm outcome) blinded? | Drop-out rate >15% for self harm data | ITT analysis performed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Problem focused | ||||||
| Bannan38 | Coin toss | N | Not described | NA | N | N |
| Gibbons et al39 | Not described | Not described | Hospital records | Y | Unclear | Not described |
| Hatcher et al40 | Computer generated | Y | Both | Y | N | Y |
| Hawton et al41 | Not described | Not described | Both | Y | Y | N |
| Husain et al42 | Computer generated | Y | Interview | Y | N | Not described |
| McAuliffe et al43 | Computer generated | Y | Interview | Not described | Y | Not described |
| McLeavey et al44 | Not described | Not described | GP questionnaire and hospital records | Y | Unclear | Not described |
| Patsiokas and Clum45 | Not described | Not described | Self harm outcomes not collected | NA | Unclear | Not described |
| Stewart et al46 | Drawing of lots | Not described | Hospital records | N | Y | N |
| Salkovskis et al47 | Not described | Not described | Hospital records | Not described | Unclear | Not described |
| CBT | ||||||
| Brown et al48 | Computer generated | Not described | Interview | N | Y | Y |
| Evans et al49 | Not described | Y | Both | Y | N | N |
| Liberman and Eckman50 | Not described | Not described | Interview | Not described | N | Not described |
| Morley et al51 | Not described | Not described | Interview | Y | Y | Y |
| Rudd et al52 | Computer generated | Not described | Interview | Y | Y | Y |
| Slee et al53 | Computer generated | Y | Interview | N | N | Not described |
| Tyrer et al54 | Computer generated | Y | Both | Not described | N | Not described |
| Psychodynamic | ||||||
| Guthrie et al55 | Not described | Not described | Both | Y | Y | Y |
| Complex interventions with outreach | ||||||
| Allard et al56 | Not described | Y | Both | Not described | Y | Y |
| Clarke et al57 | Random numbered lists | Y | Hospital records | Not described | N | Not described |
| Comtois et al58 | Computer generated | N | Interview | Y | Y | Y |
| Hatcher et al59 | Computer generated | Y | Hospital records | Y | N | Y |
| Hatcher et al60 | Computer generated | Y | Hospital records | Y | Y | Y |
| Hawton et al61 | Not described | Not described | Both | Y | N | Not described |
| Hvid et al62 | Not described | Y | Hospital records | Y | N | Y |
| Kawanishi et al63 | Computer generated | Y | Interview | Y | Y | Y |
| Marasinghe et al64 | Not described | Not described | Not described | Y | Unclear | Y |
| Morthorst et al65 | Not described | Y | Hospital records | Y | N | Y |
| Litman and Wold66 | Table of random numbers | Not described | Not described | Not described | Unclear | Not described |
| Van der Sande et al67 | Computer generated | Y | Hospital records | N | Y | Y |
| Van Heeringen et al68 | Not described | Not described | Interview including GP interview and check of death records | Not described | Y | Not described |
| Wei et al69 | Computer generated | Not described | Interview | Not described | Y | Y |
| Welu70 | Table of random numbers | Not described | Both | Not described | Unclear | Not described |
| Other-psychological | ||||||
| Dubois et al71 | Not described | Not described | Interview | Not described | N | Not described |
| Gysin-Maillart et al72 | Shuffling | Y | Self-report questionnaire and hospital records and contact with GPs and therapists | N | N | Y |
| Tapolaa et al73 | Not described | Not described | Interview | N | N | Not described |
| Torhorst et al74 | Not described | Not described | Interview | Not described | N | Not described |
| Torhorst et al75 | Not described | Not described | Not described | Not described | Y | Not described |
| Other-psychosocial | ||||||
| Armitage et al76 | Computer generated | N | Self-report questionnaire | N | Y | Y |
| Crawford et al77 | Not described | Y | Both | Y | N | Not described |
| Grimholt et al78 | Computer generated | Y | Self-report questionnaire and hospital records | Blind in 70% of cases | Y | Y |
| Mouaffak et al79 | Not described | Y | Both | Not described | N | Y |
| O'Connor et al80 | Not described | Not described | Self harm outcomes not collected | NA | Y | N |
| Wang et al81 | Not described | Y | National suicide prevention reporting sheets | Not described | N | N |
| Waterhouse and Platt82 | Not described | Y | Interview and questionnaire with GP, and review of case records | N | Y | Not described |
GP, general practice; ITT, intent-to-treat.