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Illustration of local dependence between HAART treatment, viral load or CD4, and AIDS/death.
Full lines indicate direct mechanisms while dashed lines indicate indirect effects operating through other variables. The upper panel shows how the treatment works by influencing (reducing) viral load. The lower panel does the same for CD4 count, also including the issue that start of treatment may depend on CD4 count. HAART: highly active anti-retroviral treatment.
