Table 1.

In vitro anti-HSV characteristics of some of Iranian herbal medicines

No	Botanical name	Extract	Common name	Parts	Family	Type of virus	IC 50   (μg/ml)	CC 50 (μg/ml)	SI	references
1.	Aloe vera	hot glycerine extract	Sabrezard	Leaf	Xanthorrhoeaceae	HSV-2	536	3238	7.56	(Zandi et al., 2007)
2.	Avicenna marina	methanol extract	Harra	Leaf	Avicenniaceae	HSV-2	10.5	262.5	25	(Behbahani et al., 2013b)
3.	Avicenna marina	Methanolic extract	Harra	Leaf	Avicenniaceae	HSV-1	80	>200	8.67	(Namazi et al., 2013)
4.	Avicenna marina	Ethanolic extract	Harra	Leaf	Avicenniaceae	HSV-1	192	200	0.17	(Namazi et al., 2013)
5.	Avicenna marina	Water extract	Harra	Leaf	Avicenniaceae	HSV-1	>200	>200	1.21	(Namazi et al., 2013)
6.	Avicenna marina	Chloroformic extract	Harra	Leaf	Avicenniaceae	HSV-1	180	110	0.001	(Namazi et al., 2013)
7.	Avicenna marina	n-hexanic extract	Harra	Leaf	Avicenniaceae	HSV-1	176	35	0.007	(Namazi et al., 2013)
8.	Avicennia marina	crude hot glycerine extract	Harra	Leaf	Avicenniaceae	HSV-1	137	5751	41.9	(Zandi et al., 2009)
9.	Cuminumcyminum	Methanolic extract	Zirehsabz	Seed	Apiaceae.	HSV-1	180	450	2.5	(Motamedifar et al., 2010)
10.	Thymus kotschyanus	aqueous extracts	Avishan	Flower+ leaf	Lamiaceae	HSV-1	100	800	8	(Farahani, 2013)
11	Echinacea purpurea	aqueous extracts	Sarkharghol	Root	Asteraceae or Compositae	HSV-1	500	900	1.8	(Farahani, 2013)
12	Camellia sinensis	aqueous extract	Chai	Leaf	Theaceae	HSV-1	50	1000	20	9Farahani, 2013)
13	Echiumamoenum L.	aqueous extract	Goleghavzaban	Flower	Boraginaceae	HSV-1	500	1000	2	(Farahani, 2013)
14	Hyssopus officinalis	Methanol96% extract	Zofa	Leaf	Lamiaceae	HSV-1	4.1	960	234	(Behbahani, 2009)
15	Melissa officinalis	aqueous extract	Badrangboyeh	Leaf	Lamiaceae	HSV-1	0.4	350	875	(Astani et al., 2014)
16	Euphorbia spinidens	methanolic extract	Shirmal	aerial parts	Euphorbiaceae	HSV-1	5072	320	15.85	(Mohammadi-Kamalabadi et al., 2014)
17	Eucalyptus amigdalina	hydroalcoholic extract	okaliptus	Leaf	Myrtaceae	HSV-1	180	650	3.6	(Karimi, 2012)
18	Quercuspersica	hydroalcoholic extract	Baloot	Seed	Fagaceae	HSV-1	257	>200000	>778	(Karimi et al., 2013)
19	Myrtuscommunis	hydroalcoholic extract	Moord	Leaf	Myrtaceae	HSV-1	3100	4960	1.6	(Moradi et al., 2011)
20	Curcuma longa	-	Zardchbeh	Root	Zingiberaceae	HSV-1	33.0	484.2	14.6	(Zandi et al., 2010)
21	oleaeuropaea	hydroalcoholic extract	zeyton	Leaf	Oleaceae	HSV-1	660	1750	2.6	(Motamedifar et al., 2007)
22	Securigerasecuridaca	Methanolic extract	Adasallmolok	Seed	Leguminosae	HSV-2	1.6	130	81.2	(Sayedipour et al., 2012)
23	Securigerasecuridaca	Methanolic extract	Adasallmolok	Seed	Leguminosae	HSV-1	2	500	250	(Behbahani et al., 2013a)
24	Glycyrrhizaglabra	-	Shirinbayan	Root	Leguminosae	HSV-1	500	800	1.6	(Monavari et al., 2008)
25	Zataria Multiflora Boiss	essential oil	Avishansirazi	Leaf	Lamiaceae	HSV-1	0.0059%	0.067%	11.7	(Mardani et al., 2012)

IC₅₀: 50% inhibition of viral cytopathic, CC₅₀: 50% cytotoxic concentration, SI: Selectivity index (CC₅₀/IC₅₀), HSV-1: herpes simplex virus type 1, HSV-2: herpes simplex virus type 2