Table 3. Factors associated with IL-37 expression measured at first visit.
| Serum levels of IL-37 derived from univariable linear regression analysis |
Serum levels of IL-37 derived from multivariable linear regression analysis |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GM | (95% CI) | Ratio of GM | (95% CI) | p-value | GM* | (95% CI) | Ratio of GM* | (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Gender | ||||||||||
| Females | 22.8 | (13.6, 38.2) | 1.00 | |||||||
| Males | 9.48 | (2.94, 30.6) | 0.42 | (0.12, 1.50) | 0.18 | |||||
| Age groups | ||||||||||
| <40 | 37.2 | (18.1, 76.3) | 1.00 | 30.0 | (14.7, 61.1) | 1.00 | ||||
| 40 to 59 | 12.1 | (5.85, 24.9) | 0.32 | (0.12, 0.90) | 0.03 | 11.8 | (5.8, 23.8) | 0.39 | (0.14, 1.07) | 0.07 |
| ≥60 | 13.1 | (4.01, 43.1) | 0.35 | (0.09, 1.42) | 0.14 | 25.2 | (7.4, 85.7) | 0.84 | (0.20, 3.59) | 0.8 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||||||
| non-Asians | 11.2 | (6.14, 20.5) | 1.00 | 11.7 | (6.35, 21.5) | 1.00 | ||||
| Asians | 44.4 | (21.6, 91.4) | 3.96 | (1.55, 10.1) | 0.004 | 41.9 | (20.0, 87.5) | 3.58 | (1.34, 9.58) | 0.01 |
| PNL use reported at first visit | ||||||||||
| no | 13.5 | (5.99, 30.4) | 1.00 | |||||||
| yes | 24.0 | (13.4, 43.1) | 1.78 | (0.65, 4.84) | 0.3 | |||||
| Organ damage at first visit | ||||||||||
| no | 31.4 | (16.5, 59.7) | 1.00 | 29.6 | (15.8, 55.7) | 1.00 | ||||
| yes | 11.7 | (5.88, 23.2) | 0.37 | (0.15, 0.95) | 0.04 | 12.5 | (6.4, 24.4) | 0.42 | (0.17, 1.07) | 0.07 |
| Disease activity at first visit | ||||||||||
| SLEDAI-2k ≤ 4 | 18.5 | (10.1, 34.0) | 1.00 | |||||||
| SLEDAI-2k > 4 | 21.9 | (10.2, 46.9) | 1.18 | (0.45, 3.14) | 0.7 | |||||
GM = Geometric Mean; 95 CI = 95% Confidence Interval. *Ratios adjusted for age, ethnicity and organ damage.