Table 1.

Pharmacological causes of hyperprolactinaemia [182]

Pharmacological group	Drugs
Antipsychotics	Typical: phenothiazines, butirophenones, thyoxanthenes Atypical: risperidone, molindone, amisulpride, quetiapine, olanzapine
Antidepressants	Tricyclics: amitriptyline, desipramine, clomipramine MAO inhibitors: pargyline, clorgyline SSRIs: fluoxetine, citalopram, paroxetine
Antihypertensive drugs	Verapamil, α-methyldopa, reserpine, labetolol
Anticonvulsants	Phenytoin
Prokinetics	Metoclopramide, domperidone
Hormonal preparations	Oestrogen, danazol
H2-blockers	Cimetidine, ranitidine
Controlled substances	Opiates, methadone, morphine, apomorphine, heroin, cocaine, marijuana
Other	Anaesthetics, sibutramine, alcohol

MAO monoamine oxidase, SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor