Table 2. Prevalence of end-organ micro-vascular complications present in adults with diabetes from Kilimanjaro (n = 45*; CKD-AFRiKA 2015).
| Complications | N (%) | Prevalence± (%; 95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Renal | ||
| Reduced eGFR‡ | 4 (8.9%) | 3.8% (1.0–14.0) |
| Albuminuria | 11 (24.4%) | 11.3% (4.4–26.0) |
| Albuminuria or reduced eGFR | 12 (26.7%) | 12.0% (4.7–27.3) |
| Ophthalmological | ||
| Background retinopathy | 12 (34.3%) | 36.2% (14.8–64.8) |
| Pre-proliferative retinopathy | 3 (8.6%) | 12.3% (3.1–38.2) |
| Proliferative retinopathy | 2 (5.7%) | 1.1% (0.2–5.7) |
| Maculopathy | 9 (25.7%) | 24.6% (10.3–48.1) |
| Retinopathy or Maculopathy | 17 (48.6%) | 49.6% (28.6–70.7) |
| Neurological | ||
| Peripheral neuropathy | 7 (21.2%) | 28.8% (8.0–65.1) |
| ≥1 complication | 25 (55.6%) | 52.3% (34.8–69.3) |
| ≥2 complications | 9 (20.0%) | 33.4% (10.7–67.8) |
*Among the 45 participants with diabetes, 45 (100%) were assessed for renal complications, 35 (78%) for ophthalmological complications, and 33 (73%) for neurological complications.
±Sample-adjusted, weighted prevalence among individuals with diabetes.
‡≤60 ml/min/1.73m2 by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula without the race factor.