Table 4. Comparison of the effects on endothelial function and clinical and biochemical parameters between sitagliptin and glimepiride.
| Variables | Sitagliptin (n = 41) | Glimepiride (n = 49) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean change from baseline (95% CI) | P value | Mean change from baseline (95% CI) | P value | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.01 (-0.17 to 0.20) | 0.873 | 0.31 (0.17 to 0.44) | <0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 3.1 (-0.6 to 6.8) | 0.098 | 3.0 (-1.3 to 7.2) | 0.165 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 0.4 (-1.6 to 2.5) | 0.683 | 0.9 (-1.0 to 2.9) | 0.341 |
| Cardiovascular functions | ||||
| cSBP (mmHg) | 3.8 (-0.5 to 8.0) | 0.083 | 1.6 (-4.7 to 7.8) | 0.623 |
| †Augmentation index | -13.0 (3.01 to 17.0) | 0.083 | 0.0 (-12.0 to 12.0) | 0.692 |
| *Cardiac index | -0.05 (-0.17 to 0.07) | 0.404 | 0.10 (-0.03 to 0.22) | 0.133 |
| *†TPRI | 67 (-739 to 1444) | 0.523 | -21 (-1070 to 274) | 0.642 |
| **†LF/HF ratio of RRI | 0.07 (-2.60 to 4.17) | 0.446 | 0.30 (-0.90 to 3.53) | 0.026 |
| Biochemical parameters | ||||
| FPG (mM/l) | -0.39 (-0.70 to -0.09) | 0.014 | -0.77 (-1.15 to -0.38) | <0.001 |
| †Hemoglobin A1c (%) | -0.7 (-1.7 to 0.2) | <0.001 | -0.7 (-1.3 to -0.2) | <0.001 |
| †IRI (μU/ml) | -4.3 (-5.5 to 7.1) | 0.285 | -2.5 (-4.0 to 3.9) | 0.796 |
| CPR (ng/ml) | 0.10 (-0.05 to 0.25) | 0.197 | 0.05 (-0.10 to 0.19) | 0.503 |
| †Proinsulin / IRI ratio | -6.3 (-52.7 to 28.0) | 0.193 | -1.4 (-39.5 to 27.6) | 0.972 |
| †C-peptide index | 0.13 (-0.39 to 0.47) | 0.005 | 0.18 (-0.24 to 0.66) | <0.001 |
| †SUIT | 6.1 (-9.3 to 17.0) | <0.001 | 9.7 (-2.7 to 35.3) | <0.001 |
| †Glucagon (pg/ml) | -5.0 (-41.0 to 33.0) | 0.042 | -1.0 (-33.0 to 31.0) | 0.626 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 10.7 (4.5 to 16.8) | 0.001 | 2.1 (-3.6 to 7.9) | 0.461 |
| †HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 1.0 (-5.0 to 13.0) | 0.020 | -2.0 (-11.0 to 12.0) | 0.042 |
| †Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 1.0 (-169.0 to 35.0) | 0.364 | -3.0 (-46.0 to 45.0) | 0.554 |
| †Adiponectin (μg/ml) | 0.26 (-0.28 to 2.72) | <0.001 | 0.13 (-0.85 to 0.92) | 0.162 |
| †SOD activity (U/ml) | 0.2 (-0.9 to 1.3) | 0.061 | 0.0 (-0.8 to 0.8) | 0.910 |
| †Total PAI-1 (ng/ml) | -1.0 (-17.0 to 17.0) | 0.878 | -1.0 (-20.0 to 16.0) | 0.409 |
| †NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | -1.0 (-46.0 to 42.0) | 0.754 | -2.0 (-43.0 to 42.0) | 1.000 |
| †TNF-α (pg/ml) | -0.2 (-1.2 to 0.6) | 0.045 | 0.0 (-0.5 to 0.7) | 0.847 |
| log hsCRP (ng/ml) | -0.01 (-0.19 to 0.17) | 0.884 | 0.05 (-0.11 to 0.20) | 0.552 |
| †albuminuria (g/g.Cre) | 0.0 (-65.4 to 99.1) | 0.357 | 0.0 (-64.0 to 18.4) | 0.601 |
| Oxidative stress | ||||
| d-ROMs | -1.0 (-34.6 to 32.6) | 0.954 | 20.6 (-0.87 to 0.70) | 0.064 |
| †BAP | 238 (-805 to 3411) | 0.041 | 183 (-1563 to 1226) | 0.941 |
* Data were obtained in 87 patients (Sitagliptin N = 40, Glimepiride N = 47).
** Data were obtained in 82 patients (Sitagliptin N = 36, Glimepiride N = 46).
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FMD, flow-mediated dilatation; cSBP, centric systolic blood pressure; TPRI, total peripheral resistance index; LF, low frequency; HF, high frequency; RRI, R-R interval; FPG, fasting blood glucose; SOD, superoxide dismutase; PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; NT-proBNP, N terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; d-ROMs, reactive oxygen metabolites-derived compounds; BAP, biological antioxidant potential. Values are mean or median change from baseline mean (95% CI).
† Values were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test because normality was rejected for these variables.