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. 2016 Mar 30;7(19):27584–27598. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8488

Figure 5. Galectin-1 increased the activation of LCAF by AKT pathway.

Figure 5

A. rhgalectin-1 increased TDO2 and α-SMA expression (A) and Kyn production B. in NHLF. C. rhgalectin-1 increased the activation of AKT and ERK signaling pathways. AKT inhibitor decreased rhgalectin-1 induced TDO2 upregulation D. and Kyn production E. in NHLF. F. AKT inhibitor reduced Kyn production in CL1-5- and A549-LCAF. NHLF cells were treated with rhgalectin-1 (1 μg/ml) for 3 h (for AKT and ERK) or 24 h (for TDO2 and α-SMA). The expression of various protein was assessed by immunoblot. The level of Kyn in culture media was determined by ELISA. For blocking experiment, NHLF cells were pretreated with LY294002 (10 μM) or MEK (PD98059, 10 μM) inhibitors for 1 h. All results are representative of at least three independent experiments and each value is the mean ± SD of three determinations. The results were reported as mean ± SD; *p < 0.05.