Table 1.

Definition of comprehensive conservative care

Comprehensive conservative care is planned (holistic patient–centered care for patients with stage 5 [GFR category 5] CKD) that includes:

Interventions to delay progression of kidney disease and minimize risk of adverse events or complications

Shared decision making

Active symptom management

Detailed communication, including advance care planning

Psychologic support

Social and family support

Cultural and spiritual domains of care

Comprehensive conservative care does not include dialysis

Modified from Davison et al. (3), with permission.