Table 2.

Blood pressure and estimated 24 hour urinary Na⁺, K⁺, and Na⁺: K⁺ ratio in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and matched controls.

Characteristics	SLE (n = 178)	Controls (n = 86)	P valuea
Hypertension (%)	44%	19%	<0.001
Mean systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	120 ± 17	118± 14	0.63
Mean diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	73 ± 13	71 ± 10	0.20
Anti-hypertensive use (%)	36%	12%	<0.001
Diuretic use (%)	18%	8%	0.04
ACE inhibitor or ARB use (%)	21%	4%	<0.001
Estimated 24 hour urinary sodium (grams)	4.2 ± 1.8	4.5 ± 2.1	0.54
Estimated 24 hour urinary potassium (grams)	2.0 ± 0.7	2.4 ± 0.9	< 0.001
Estimated 24 hour urinary sodium to potassium ratio	2.2 ± 0.7	1.9 ± 0.6	0.001

^aWilcoxon rank-sum