Table 3.
Post-operative Clinical Outcomes for Tetralogy of Fallot Cohort
| Outcome | Pre-Implementation | Post-Implementation | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Median (IQR) | N | Median (IQR) | P-value | |
| Postoperative LOS, days | |||||
| Active | 69 | 7.0 (4.0, 9.0) | 78 | 5.0 (4.0, 8.0) | 0.0931 |
| Control | 59 | 6.0 (6.0, 8.0) | 90 | 6.0 (5.0, 8.0) | 0.2170 |
| Postoperative ICU LOS, days | |||||
| Active | 68 | 3.0 (1.9, 6.0) | 78 | 2.3 (1.2, 4.2) | 0.0684 |
| Control | 59 | 2.9 (1.9, 4.0) | 90 | 2.8 (1.8, 3.7) | 0.3476 |
| Postoperative ICU LOS, hours | |||||
| Active | 68 | 71.6 (46.4, 143.6) | 78 | 54.2 (28.8, 100.8) | 0.0684 |
| Control | 59 | 69.4 (44.9, 95.9) | 90 | 67.5 (43.2, 90.0) | 0.3476 |
| Time to extubation, hours | |||||
| Active | 68 | 19.1 (13.9, 43.1) | 78 | 3.4 (0.0, 7.2) | <.0001 |
| Control | 59 | 19.8 (10.9, 28.8) | 90 | 18.0 (9.9, 26.3) | 0.5320 |
| Postoperative critical care LOS, hours | |||||
| Active | 68 | 56.1 (34.3, 117.8) | 77 | 45.0 (25.5, 85.0) | 0.0762 |
| Control | 59 | 68.6 (44.6, 93.8) | 90 | 65.8 (41.3, 90.0) | 0.3157 |
| Time to continuous sedation/analgesia, hours | |||||
| Active | 53 | 46.0 (22.4, 89.0) | 76 | 19.2 (11.6, 38.0) | <.0001 |
| Time to first introduction of enteral feeds, hours | |||||
| Active | 53 | 28.0 (21.2, 43.8) | 53 | 15.0 (9.9, 26.1) | <.0001 |
| Average FLACC (pain) score, where at least three | |||||
| Active | 52 | 1.3 (0.7, 2.2) | 61 | 2.3 (1.2, 3.2) | 0.0024 |
| Cumulative opioid, mg/kg* | |||||
| Active | 68 | 0.9 (0.5, 4.6) | 77 | 0.6 (0.3, 1.1) | 0.0003 |
| Cumulative benzodiazepine, mg/kg** | |||||
| Active | 53 | 0.3 (0.2, 2.2) | 47 | 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) | 0.0038 |
| Cumulative dose of dex /kg | |||||
| Active | 40 | 5.6 (2.3, 12.5) | 70 | 2.8 (1.7, 6.9) | 0.0128 |
Abbreviations: dex= dexmedetomidine, ICU = intensive care unit, LOS = length of stay
*
Mg of morphine (converted to equianalgesic dose for other opioids)
**
Mg of midazolam
Active sites do not include one Model Site