Table 2. The difference between I_to-mediated J wave and Pseudo J wave (i.e. intra-ventricular conduction delay, IVCD).

	Ito-mediated J wave	Pseudo J wave
Male predominance	Yes	No
Age	Young adults	Older adults
Mechanisms	Early repolarization component	Depolarization abnormality
Response to heart rate	Bradycardia- and pause-dependent augmentation that may be accompanied by paradoxical T wave inversion	Tachycardia and premature beat-dependent augmentation of the notch
QRS slur morphology	often occur at the final 50% of R-wave downslope	often occur beyond the final 50% of R-wave downslope
Upwardly concave ST Elevation	Common	Rare
Quinidine’s Effect	Reduce the amplitude	no effect
Structural heart diseases	Rare	Common
Association of Q wave	Rare	Relatively common
Association of RBBB	Rare	Relatively common
Arrhythmic Initiation	Always from a short-coupled premature ventricular beat on T wave	Occurrence of Premature ventricular beats often after T wave
Types of Arrhythmias	Polymorphic VT or VF	Monomorphic
All-cause mortality	Not increased	Increased

RBBB: right bundle branch block, VF: ventricular fibrillation