Fig. 2. 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the management of heart failure. HF: heart failure, ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, AF: atrial fibrillation, ARB: angiotensin-receptor blocker, CAD: coronary artery disease, CRT: cardiac resynchronization therapy, DM: diabetes mellitus, EF: ejection fraction, GDMT: guideline-directed medical therapy, HF: heart failure, HFpEF: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, HFrEF: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, HRQOL: health-related quality of life, HTN: hypertension, ICD: implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, LV: left ventricular, LVH: left ventricular hypertrophy, MCS: mechanical circulatory support, MI: myocardial infarction.