Table 3.
Alcohol-adjusted multivariable relative risks (RRs) for invasive cSCC according to beverage-specific alcohol intake
| Invasive cSCC | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Light beer | Non-light beer | Red wine | White wine | Liquor | ||||||
| Drinks consumed | No. of Incident cases | RR (95% CI) | No. of Incident cases | RR (95% CI) | No. of Incident cases | RR (95% CI) | No. of Incident cases | RR (95% CI) | No. of Incident cases | RR (95% CI) |
| NHS (female) | ||||||||||
| None | 837 | Reference | 862 | Reference | 876 | Reference | 653 | Reference | 875 | Reference |
| 1-3 per month | 83 | 1.09 (0.86 to 1.39) | 70 | 1.04 (0.80 to 1.35) | 178 | 0.88 (0.74 to 1.05) | 273 | 1.08 (0.90 to 1.30) | 163 | 1.17 (0.97 to 1.40) |
| 1 per week | 29 | 1.14 (0.77 to 1.70) | 28 | 1.11 (0.74 to 1.67) | 90 | 1.11 (0.87 to 1.42) | 121 | 1.10 (0.87 to 1.39) | 91 | 1.46 (1.16 to 1.84) |
| 2-4 per week | 15 | 0.97 (0.58 to 1.65) | 14 | 1.01 (0.59 to 1.75) | 95 | 1.19 (0.93 to 1.53) | 121 | 1.04 (0.82 to 1.33) | 228 | 1.48 (1.17 to 1.86) |
| ≥5 per week | 16 | 1.94 (1.14 to 3.29) | 5 | 0.65 (0.26 to 1.59) | 47 | 0.91 (0.65 to 1.28) | 118 | 1.48 (1.12 to 1.97) | ||
| 1 drink per day (cont.) | 1.27 (1.02 to 1.58) | 0.84 (0.60 to 1.19) | 0.97 (0.85 to 1.12) | 1.16 (1.04 to 1.30) | 1.20 (1.05 to 1.36) | |||||
| NHS II (female) | ||||||||||
| None | 306 | Reference | 332 | Reference | 254 | Reference | 218 | Reference | 303 | Reference |
| 1 -3 per month | 56 | 1.13 (0.83 to 1.54) | 52 | 1.00 (0.73 to 1.37) | 83 | 1.19 (0.90 to 1.58) | 92 | 0.81 (0.60 to 1.09) | 66 | 1.02 (0.77 to 1.35) |
| 1 per week | 18 | 0.96 (0.58 to 1.60) | 16 | 0.74 (0.44 to 1.26) | 34 | 0.97 (0.64 to 1.46) | 43 | 0.97 (0.66 to 1.42) | 30 | 1.33 (0.89 to 1.98) |
| 2 -4 per week | 24 | 1.66 (1.04 to 2.65) | 15 | 1.12 (0.63 to 1.97) | 27 | 0.78 (0.48 to 1.27) | 40 | 1.11 (0.72 to 1.71) | 21 | 0.90 (0.53 to 1.52) |
| ≥5 per week | 16 | 1.91 (1.00 to 3.64) | 5 | 0.83 (0.32 to 2.16) | 22 | 1.24 (0.69 to 2.25) | 27 | 1.12 (0.62 to 2.03) | ||
| 1 drink per day (cont.) | 1.28 (0.99 to 1.65) | 0.94 (0.65 to 1.37) | 1.10 (0.87 to 1.39) | 1.06 (0.85 to 1.34) | 0.92 (0.69 to 1.24) | |||||
| HPFS (male) | ||||||||||
| None | 563 | Reference | 441 | Reference | 616 | Reference | 531 | Reference | 550 | Reference |
| 1-3 per month | 131 | 0.97 (0.79 to 1.19) | 171 | 1.08 (0.89 to 1.32) | 212 | 0.84 (0.70 to 1.00) | 292 | 1.12 (0.94 to 1.33) | 165 | 1.13 (0.94 to 1.37) |
| 1 per week | 56 | 0.98 (0.73 to 1.31) | 78 | 0.93 (0.72 to 1.22) | 112 | 0.86 (0.68 to 1.09) | 134 | 1.04 (0.83 to 1.31) | 90 | 1.12 (0.88 to 1.42) |
| 2-4 per week | 44 | 1.00 (0.73 to 1.38) | 73 | 0.91 (0.70 to 1.19) | 131 | 0.92 (0.73 to 1.16) | 120 | 1.03 (0.81 to 1.31) | 352 | 1.14 (0.93 to 1.39) |
| ≥5 per week | 29 | 0.95 (0.64 to 1.41) | 62 | 1.07 (0.79 to 1.45) | 81 | 0.74 (0.56 to 0.97) | 74 | 1.21 (0.91 to 1.60) | ||
| 1 drink per day (cont.) | 0.95 (0.81 to 1.12) | 1.00 (0.88 to 1.14) | 0.91 (0.82 to 1.01) | 1.06 (0.95 to 1.18) | 1.04 (0.94 to 1.16) | |||||
| Meta-analysis | ||||||||||
| None | 1706 | Reference | 1635 | Reference | 1746 | Reference | 1402 | Reference | 1728 | Reference |
| 1 -3 per month | 270 | 1.04 (0.90 to 1.20) | 293 | 1.05 (0.91 to 1.21) | 473 | 0.93 (0.78 to 1.12) | 657 | 1.03 (0.88 to 1.21) | 394 | 1.12 (1.00 to 1.27) |
| 1 per week | 103 | 1.02 (0.82 to 1.26) | 122 | 0.94 (0.77 to 1.16) | 236 | 0.98 (0.83 to 1.15) | 298 | 1.05 (0.90 to 1.22) | 211 | 1.29 (1.08 to 1.54) |
| 2 -4 per week | 83 | 1.16 (0.83 to 1.61) | 102 | 0.96 (0.77 to 1.19) | 253 | 0.99 (0.80 to 1.24) | 281 | 1.05 (0.89 to 1.23) | 601 | 1.21 (0.95 to 1.55) |
| ≥5 per week | 58 | 1.46 (0.87 to 2.44) | 72 | 1.00 (0.76 to 1.31) | 150 | 0.86 (0.67 to 1.11) | 219 | 1.31 (1.09 to 1.59) | ||
| 1 drink per day (cont.) | 1.14 (0.93 to 1.40) | 0.98 (0.87 to 1.09) | 0.95 (0.87 to 1.04) | 1.10 (1.03 to 1.19) | 1.08 (0.96 to 1.23) | |||||
Alcohol-adjusted multivariable model: Adjusted for age, BMI, smoking status and pack-years smoked, physical activity, caffeine intake, family history of melanoma, tanning ability, lifetime number of severe sunburns, number of moles, natural hair colour, and average annual UV-B flux at place of residence as well as for total average alcohol intake
RR = relative risk, CI = confidence interval, cont. = continuous variable