Table 1.
Participant characteristics (n=627)
| Predictors (n) | % or Mean (SD) | n (%) missing |
|---|---|---|
| Demographic Factors | ||
| Maternal age, years | 29.5 (5.5) | 5 (0.8) |
| Maternal education, high school or less | 27.5 | 9 (1.4) |
| Maternal race, white | 71.8 | 5 (0.8) |
| Maternal Health History | ||
| Asthma, ever diagnosed | 15.2 | 50 (8.0) |
| Diabetes, ever diagnosed | 5.5 | 48 (7.7) |
| Obesity, pre-pregnancy BMI ≥30 | 26.2 | 34 (5.4) |
| Pregnancy Conditions | ||
| Gestational diabetes, yes | 9.5 | 5 (0.8) |
| Preeclampsia, yes | 6.5 | 5 (0.8) |
| Depression, yes | 13.8 | 16 (2.6) |
| Anxiety/OCD/panic attack, yes | 11.6 | 5 (0.8) |
| Weight gain during pregnancy, kg | 14.4 (6.3) | 124 (19.8) |
| Pregnancy Health Behaviors | ||
| Smoking, yes | 4.7 | 8 (1.3) |
| Alcohol use, yes | 32.1 | 72 (11.5) |
| Physical activity, hours per week | 0.4 (0.9) | 63 (10.5) |
| Labor and Delivery Factors | ||
| Cesarean section, yes | 50.7 | 5 (0.8) |
| Labor induced, yes | 27.8 | 5 (0.8) |
| Medication use for labor, yes | 76.9 | 5 (0.8) |
| Fetal distress, yes | 8.7 | 5 (0.8) |
| Breech birth, yes | 4.9 | 5 (0.8) |
| Infant Attributes | ||
| Infant gender, male | 48.9 | 5 (0.8) |
| Birthweight percentile | 53.6 (34.1) | 8 (1.3) |
| Gestational weeks | 39.0 (1.0) | 5 (0.8) |
| Apgar score, minute 1 | 7.9 (1.2) | 13 (2.1) |
| Apgar score, minute 5 | 8.9 (0.4) | 18 (2.9) |