R848 is a potent mucosal adjuvant. Macaques were immunised intranasally with 200 μg KLH in combination with 500 μg of the adjuvants R848, Pam3SCK4 or chitosan, or 50 μg of TSLP or in PBS alone (n = 4 per group). Immunizations were administered at weeks 0, 4 and 8. KLH specific IgG was measured in plasma for all groups (A). Further analysis was performed for animals IE73, IE74, GK02 and IF53 from the R848/ KLH group and IE71 from the TSLP group. KLH specific ELISA were performed for IgG (C, E) and IgA (B, D, F) on plasma (B), nasal wash (C, D) and vaginal Weck-cels (E, F). KLH specific scIgA was measured in nasal samples (G). Relative coefficients of excretion (RCE) compared to albumin in nasal and vaginal samples (H). Data is presented as mean +/− SD of n = 4 animals (A, H) or individual animals (B-G).