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. 2016 Oct 3;11:5003–5014. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S115473

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Promotion of autophagy by AuNPs and AgNPs with or without radiation in U251 cells.

Notes: U251 cells were incubated for 24 hours with 50.76 μM or 10 μg/mL AuNPs or AgNPs. At 24 hours after 4 Gy radiation treatment, cells were stained for AO, MDC or LC3, and visualized with fluorescence microscopy. (A) Representative images and (B) average number of AVOs per cell of AO staining. (C) Representative images and (D) average number of AVOs per cell of MDC staining. (E) Representative images and (F) average number of puncta per cell of LC3 immunofluorescence staining. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 compared with the corresponding control group. ##P<0.01, ###P<0.001 compared with the corresponding AuNPs-treated group.

Abbreviations: AgNPs, silver nanoparticles; AO, acridine orange; AuNPs, gold nanoparticles; AVOs, acidic vesicular organelles; LC3, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3; mas-AgNPs, same mass concentration of AgNPs; MDC, monodansylcadaverine; mol-AgNPs, same molar concentration of AgNPs.