The protective effect of IFN-α in AIA is accompanied by induction of IDO1 expression and activity. (A) During AIA activated with or without IFN-α treatment, spleens were collected at days 0, 4, 10, 14, 21, and 28 and analyzed for relative Ido1 mRNA by real-time PCR. Data are expressed as fold change normalized to the reference gene Actb and Ido1 gene expression in spleens from naive mice, n ≥ 4. (B) Sera were collected at days 0, 4, 10, 14, 21, 24, and 28 of AIA and analyzed for Trp and Kyn concentration by HPLC. Data are expressed as the ratio of serum levels of Kyn to Trp, n ≥ 7. Comparisons of Kyn/Trp and Ido1 mRNA levels were done by Mann–Whitney U test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.