Fig. 5. W/O emulsions generated using oil r3 (Table 1) yield droplet-stabilizing TiC minerals.

(A) TEM images of solid films comprising washed precipitates recovered from TiBALDH/oil r3 emulsions, with associated electron diffraction pattern revealing the presence of TiC as a mineral product (top right); the selected area for electron diffraction is indicated by a red box in the top left image; high-magnification images reveal lattice fringes (bottom left image) and atomic ordering (bottom right image). (B) Droplet generation with or without TiBALDH shows that interface mineralization is important in achieving stable droplets. A gradual reduction in droplet volume suggests that either water or lactate released from hydrolyzed TiBALDH is partially soluble in the oil phase.