Table 1.
Baseline Demographic and Health Characteristics of the Study Sample
| Mean ± SD or # (%) | |
|---|---|
| Age (y) | 66.2±6.4 |
| Female, n (%) | 116 (70%) |
| White, n (%) | 135 (81%) |
| Weight (kg) | 92.9±14.5 |
| Education | |
| Less than High School | 49 (29%) |
| College or Grad school | 118 (71%) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 33.5±3.7 |
| Percentage body fat (%) | 39.6±7.0 |
| Self-reported comorbidities, n (%) | |
| Hypertension | 105 (64%) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 13 (8%) |
| Diabetes | 24 (15%) |
| Osteoporosis | 18 (11%) |
| Any Cancer | 35 (22%) |
| WOMAC pain score | 5.9±2.8 |
| WOMAC function score | 22.3±10.3 |
| Inflammation | |
| CRP (mg/L) | 8.2±10.1 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 3.1±2.0 |
| SF-36 Vitality questions | |
| Feeling tired | 59.3±23.0 |
| Feeling worn-out | 69.0±22.7 |
| Feeling energetic | 44.3±25.0 |
| Feeling peppy | 46.5±24.0 |
| SF-36 Vitality summary score | 54.8±19.5 |
| Accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) | |
| Steps/d | 6,143±2,558 |
| PA energy expenditure (kcal/d) | 234±125 |
| Light PA (min/d) | 130±39 |
| Mod–Vig PA (min/d) | 10.5±9.3 |
Note: N = 167; SF-36 scale (each question scaled as 0 = fatigued to 100 = energetic; higher scores indicate feeling more energetic/less fatigued);
CRP = C-reactive protein; IL-6 = interleukin-6; Mod–Vig PA = moderate or vigorous physical activity; WOMAC = Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.