Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of groups’ subjects
| Parameters | DN (n = 100) mean ± SD |
DM (n = 100) mean ± SD |
HC (n = 100) mean ± SD |
p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 61.5 ± 8.5 | 57.36 ± 8.1 | 50.5 ± 10.7 | *A |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 12.01 ± 7.6 | 10.20 ± 6.9 | - | ‡ |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 29.09 ± 5.3 | 28.7 ± 4.5 | 27. 94 ± 4.9 | ‡ |
| SBP (mmHg) | 125 ± 13.08 | 120.7 ± 20 | 115.2 ± 12.6 | *A |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77.2 ± 8.8 | 76.5 ± 7.9 | 79.3 ± 6.2 | ‡ |
| FBS (mg/dl) | 144.06 ± 54.3 | 140.6 ± 45 | 92.4 ± 10.9 | *A |
| HbA1C (%) | 7.2 ± 0.70 | 7.09 ± 0.73 | 5.5 ± 0.58 | *A |
| creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.2 ± 0.41 | 1.1 ± 0.27 | 1 ± 0.17 | *A |
| Urea (mg/dl) | 42.3 ± 17.3 | 36.7 ± 13.7 | 31.3 ± 10.1 | *A |
| eGFR (L/min/1.73 m2) | 65.9 ± 20.6 | 75.2 ± 20.7 | 78.8 ± 17.3 | *B |
| ACR (μg/mg) | 83.3 ± 64.6 | 23.7 ± 5.5 | 21.3 ± 7.7 | *B |
DN Type 2 diabetes with Nephropathy, DM Type 2 diabetic without Nephropathy, HC Healthy control, BMI Body Mass Index, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure, DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure, eGFR estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, FBS Fasting Blood Sugar, ACR urine Albumin/Creatinine ratio
*means p value <0.05, ‡ means p value > 0.05, A = Significant difference between DM/DN and HC, B = Significant difference between DN and HC/DM
Serum urea adjusted by age and sex. FBS, HbA1C and serum creatinine adjusted by duration of diabetes