Table 1.
Patient characteristics, and initial treatments and interventions
| Unmatched groups | Propensity score-matched groups | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Control (n = 1531) | Antibiotics (n = 1272) | Standardized differences, % | Control (n = 802) | Antibiotics (n = 802) | Standardized differences, % | ||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 60.1 | (15.3) | 60.7 | (14.3) | −3.5 | 60.7 | (14.8) | 60.6 | (14.6) | 1.0 |
| Sex (male)a | 1,151 | (75.2) | 984 | (77.4) | −5.1 | 613 | (76.4) | 609 | (75.9) | 1.2 |
| Academic hospital | 620 | (40.5) | 392 | (30.8) | 20.3 | 262 | (32.7) | 279 | (34.8) | −4.5 |
| Hospital volume, cases | ||||||||||
| Low, <10 | 484 | (31.6) | 505 | (39.7) | −16.9 | 317 | (39.5) | 305 | (38.0) | 3.1 |
| Medium 11–22 | 470 | (30.7) | 419 | (32.9) | −4.8 | 271 | (33.8) | 264 | (32.9) | 1.9 |
| High, >23 | 577 | (37.7) | 348 | (27.4) | 22.2 | 214 | (26.7) | 233 | (29.1) | −5.3 |
| Ventricular fibrillation | 746 | (48.7) | 645 | (50.7) | −4.0 | 397 | (49.5) | 413 | (51.5) | −4.0 |
| Required defibrillation on admission | 328 | (21.4) | 409 | (32.2) | −24.4 | 186 | (23.2) | 204 | (25.4) | −5.2 |
| Cardiac arrest on admission | 540 | (35.3) | 586 | (46.1) | −22.1 | 320 | (39.9) | 319 | (39.8) | 0.3 |
| Epinephrine provided on admission | 597 | (39.0) | 617 | (48.5) | −19.3 | 342 | (42.6) | 338 | (42.1) | 1.0 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention | 872 | (57.0) | 902 | (70.9) | −29.4 | 507 | (63.2) | 536 | (66.8) | −7.6 |
| Intra-aortic balloon pumping | 308 | (20.1) | 483 | (38.0) | −40.1 | 218 | (27.2) | 204 | (25.4) | 4.0 |
| Continuous renal replacement therapy | 136 | (8.9) | 248 | (19.5) | −30.8 | 99 | (12.3) | 104 | (13.0) | −1.9 |
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system Pharmacologic intervention | 147 | (9.6) | 298 | (23.4) | −37.9 | 105 | (13.1) | 108 | (13.5) | −1.1 |
| Dopamine | 741 | (48.4) | 703 | (55.3) | −13.8 | 408 | (50.9) | 425 | (53.0) | −4.2 |
| Dobutamine | 286 | (18.7) | 403 | (31.7) | −30.3 | 189 | (23.6) | 176 | (21.9) | 3.9 |
| Norepinephrine | 487 | (31.8) | 584 | (45.9) | −29.2 | 300 | (37.4) | 300 | (37.4) | 0.0 |
| Vasopressin | 51 | (3.3) | 53 | (4.2) | −4.4 | 28 | (3.5) | 26 | (3.2) | 1.4 |
| Amiodarone | 371 | (24.2) | 463 | (36.4) | −26.7 | 234 | (29.2) | 244 | (30.4) | −2.7 |
| Nifekalant | 76 | (5.0) | 103 | (8.1) | −12.7 | 45 | (5.6) | 57 | (7.1) | −6.1 |
| Lidocaine | 370 | (24.2) | 455 | (35.8) | −25.5 | 233 | (29.1) | 241 | (30.0) | −2.2 |
| Sivelestat sodium | 44 | (2.9) | 84 | (6.6) | −17.6 | 32 | (4.0) | 33 | (4.1) | −0.6 |
| Blood transfusion | ||||||||||
| Red blood cells | 133 | (8.7) | 268 | (21.1) | −35.3 | 92 | (11.5) | 99 | (12.3) | −2.7 |
| Fresh frozen plasma | 86 | (5.6) | 199 | (15.6) | −33.0 | 59 | (7.4) | 66 | (8.2) | −3.3 |
| Platelets | 21 | (1.4) | 61 | (4.8) | −19.9 | 16 | (2.0) | 15 | (1.9) | 0.9 |
anumbers in parentheses are proportions (%) unless otherwise stated