TABLE 3—
Associations of Participants’ Characteristics, Work-Related Variables, and Depression, According to the Multinomial Multiple Regression Final Model (n = 2940): São Paulo, Brazil, 2011–2012
| Depressive Symptoms |
Probable Major Depression |
|||
| Variable | AOR (95% CI) | P | AOR (95% CI) | P |
| Participants’ characteristics | ||||
| Gender | .001 | < .001 | ||
| Female (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Male | 0.55 (0.41, 0.74) | 0.24 (0.13, 0.44) | ||
| Age group, y | < .001a | < .001a | ||
| 18–29 (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 30–39 | 0.96 (0.80, 1,16) | 0.90 (0.66, 1.22) | ||
| 40–49 | 0.59 (0.44, 0.77) | 0.45 (0.31, 0.65) | ||
| ≥ 50 | 0.50 (0.36, 0.71) | 0.24 (0.12, 0.45) | ||
| Stressful life events | < .001a | < .001a | ||
| None (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 1 | 1.59 (1.31, 1.93) | 2.31 (1.75, 3.04) | ||
| 2 | 2.67 (2.02, 3.54) | 5.07 (3.64, 7.07) | ||
| ≥ 3 | 3.83 (2.98, 4.93) | 8.34 (6.0, 11.6) | ||
| Work-related variables | ||||
| Profession | .93 | .001 | ||
| Physician (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Nurse | 0.75 (0.49, 1.15) | 0.99 (0.48, 2.04) | ||
| Nursing assistant | 0.46 (0.32, 0.67) | 0.77 (0.40, 1.49) | ||
| CHW | 0.83 (0.58, 1.17) | 1.96 (1.07, 3.60) | ||
| Length of employment | .004 | < .001 | ||
| 3 m to < 2 y (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 2–6 y | 1.52 (1.24, 1.86) | 1.62 (1.20, 2.18) | ||
| > 6 y | 1.58 (1.23, 2.03) | 2.36 (1.66, 3.33) | ||
| Deprived area | .34 | .87 | ||
| No (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.19 (0.97, 1.46) | 1.09 (0.81, 1.46) | ||
| Feedback from supervisor | .01 | < .001 | ||
| Yes (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Not defined | 1.13 (0.90, 1.42) | 1.69 (1.20, 2.36) | ||
| No | 1.40 (1.13, 1.73) | 1.90 (1.44, 2.51) | ||
| Social support | .001a | < .001a | ||
| High (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Low | 1.93 (1.63, 2.28) | 3.01 (2.20, 4.12) | ||
| Job stress | .001 | < .001 | ||
| Low strain (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Passive | 1.74 (1.39, 2.17) | 1.66 (1.19, 2.33) | ||
| Active | 2.53 (1.91, 3.35) | 5.13 (3.46, 7.59) | ||
| High strain | 2.55 (1.95, 3.34) | 6.70 (4.60, 9.73) | ||
Note. AOR = adjusted odds ratio; CHW = community health worker; CI = confidence interval. Multinomial regression. Final model adjusted by gender, age group, stressful life events, profession, length of employment, deprived area, feedback from supervisor, social support, and job stress.
a
Trend P.