Table 1.
Summary of survival outcomes for presumed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing curative therapies
| First author | Study design | Study period | Study location | Number of NAFLD-HCC cases | Treatment1 |
Survival outcomes |
|
| Overall survival | Disease-free survival | ||||||
| Reddy | Retrospective cohort | 2000-2010 | Single-centered (United States) | 52 | OLT, resection, RFA2 | 1-yr: 90%3 | 1-yr: 84%3 |
| 3-yr: 72%3 | 3-yr: 70%3 | ||||||
| 5-yr: 65%3 | 5-yr: 60%3 | ||||||
| Wong | Retrospective cohort | 2002-2012 | Multi-centered (United States) | NA4 | OLT | 1-yr: 87.5% | NA |
| 3-yr: 79.8% | |||||||
| 5-yr: 65.5% | |||||||
| Piscaglia | Prospective cohort | 2010-2012 | Multi-centered (Italy) | 49 | OLT, resection, RFA | 1-yr: 90%-95%3 | NA |
| 3-yr: 85%-90%3 | |||||||
| Malik | Retrospective cohort | NA | Single-centered (United States) | 17 | OLT | 1-yr: 85%-90%3 | NA |
| Hernandez-Alejandro | Retrospective cohort | 2000-2011 | Single-centered (Canada) | 17 | OLT | NA | 1-yr: 95%3 |
| 3-yr: 95%3 | |||||||
| 5-yr: 85%3 | |||||||
| Cauchy | Retrospective cohort | 2000-2011 | Single-centered (France) | 625 | Resection | 1-yr: 83% | 1-yr: 83% |
| 3-yr: 75% | 3-yr: 70% | ||||||
| Wakai | Retrospective cohort | 1990-2007 | Single-centered (Japan) | 17 | Resection | 5-yr: 59% | 5-yr: 66% |
| Takuma | Retrospective cohort | 1992-2009 | Single-centered (Japan) | 366 | Resection, RFA, PEI, MCT | 1-yr: 94% | 1-yr: 89% |
| 3-yr: 85% | 3-yr: 68% | ||||||
| 5-yr: 54% | 5-yr: 54% | ||||||
Total cohort underwent one treatment unless otherwise specified;
Four patients had both RFA and resection;
Survival rates were not reported in the text;
Total number of NAFLD-HCC cases was not reported as analysis of outcomes among HCC cases secondary to NAFLD was done in a subanalysis. Total HCC cases in the cohort was 5326;
Metabolic syndrome was used as a surrogate for NAFLD after exclusion of chronic hepatitis B or C infection, excessive alcoholic consumption, alcoholic liver disease, and hemochromatosis;
Crytogenic cirrhosis was used as a surrogate for NAFLD after exclusion of chronic hepatitis B or C infection, alcohol consumption, primary biliary cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, Wilson’s disease, and hemochromatosis. Estimates are determined from the Kaplan Meier figures. NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; OLT: Orthotopic liver transplantation; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; PEI: Percutaneous ethanol injection; MCT: Microwave coagulation therapy; NA: Data not available.