Fig. 3.
Contributions of various life cycle phases to the Life cycle GHG emissions for PKO-FA (fatty alcohol produced from palm kernel oil feedstock) and petro-FA (fatty alcohol produced from petrochemical feedstock) are shown in kg CO2e/kg FA delivered. The various life cycle phases shown here are RMProdC2G, Transport C2G and FAProdG2G. RMProdC2G includes the raw material production (includes the impacts from the transformation of inputs from nature via various intermediate products into the raw material delivered to the fatty alcohol (FA) production site. RMC2G also includes any transportation required till RM reaches the FA production site. FAProdG2G includes the production of FA from raw materials (e.g., PKO and n-olefins and ethylene). TransportC2G includes the transportation of FA produced from the FA production site to Alcohol Ethoxylates (AE) production site. Irrespective of the feedstocks, RMProdC2G is the most impactful phase for the boundary covered in this study. It accounts for 60+ and 75+ % of the life cycle GHG emissions for PKO-FA and petro-FA, respectively