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. 2016 Oct 10;7:1614. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01614

FIGURE 7.

FIGURE 7

Thin-layer chromatography and HPLC for menaquinone in S. Typhimurium SL1344, ΔyqiC, and ΔyqiC′, and menaquinone complementation assays using qRT-PCR. The menaquinone content within S. Typhimurium SL1344, ΔyqiC, and ΔyqiC′ was detected using TLC and HPLC. (A) TLC revealed the presence of menaquinone at an Rf of 0.5–0.6 in S. Typhimurium SL1344 and ΔyqiC′, but detectable menaquinone was absent in S. Typhimurium ΔyqiC. (B) HPLC revealed menaquinone peaks at a retention time of 4.90 min in S. Typhimurium SL1344 and ΔyqiC′ (arrows), but menaquinone peaks were absent in S. Typhimurium ΔyqiC. (C) In the menaquinone complementation assay, menaquinone (MQ) was added into the LB broth containing S. Typhimurium ΔyqiC for 18-h overnight culture. The mRNA expression levels of flhD, fliZ, fimA, fimZ, invA, and sseB of S. Typhimurium SL1344 ΔyqiC and menaquinone-complemented S. Typhimurium ΔyqiC were compared with those of S. Typhimurium SL1344 and are expressed as fold-change relative to the geometric means of their mRNA expression levels in S. Typhimurium SL1344. Any significant differences in the mRNA expression levels between S. Typhimurium SL1344 and other strains or conditions were analyzed using the Student’s t-test. ∗p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.