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. 2016 Sep 29;7:12814. doi: 10.1038/ncomms12814

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

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(a) Spreading MCF10A cell on cTFM substrate with red QD nanodiscs (spacing: 1.5 μm). Scale bar, 10 μm. (b) Smoothed 3D surface plot of the area underneath the cell in a. For traction force reconstruction, the unsmoothed displacements in Z-direction are taken into account. (c) Z-profile of the substrate obtained from line scans underneath four independent cells. Cell dimensions were normalized so that cell outlines reach from 0 to 1. (d) Overall traction magnitude of the cell in a. (e) Out-of-plane (Z-) components of the traction field for the cell in a.