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. 2016 Oct 1;22(4):558–574. doi: 10.5056/jnm16001

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© 2016 The Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Pharmacological targets of novel drugs for the management of visceral hypersensitivity (VH) in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). TLRs, Toll-like receptors; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; H1-R, histamine-1 receptor; 5-HT, 5-hydrodytryptamine; TRPV1, transient receptor potential vanilloid type I; PKA, cAMP-dependent protein kinase; PKC, protein kinase C; ZO-1, Zona occludens protein-1; NK, neuro-kinin; NGF, nerve growth factor; Trk, tyrosine receptor kinase; VG-Cs, voltage-gated channels; KC, potassium channel; CaC, calcium channel; NaC, sodium channel; NERT, norepinephrine reuptake transporter; NMDA, N-methyl-D-aspartate; AMPA, α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid; PAR, protease-activated receptors; R, receptor.