Table 2.

Whole Artery and Active Segment Based ¹⁸F-FDG Uptake in Study Groups

	Healthy Control Subjects	Patients at Increased CVD Risk	Patients With Known CVD	p Value∗
Whole artery SUVmax
Carotid arteries	1.49 ± 0.28	1.79 ± 0.27	1.99 ± 0.37	<0.001
Ascending aorta	1.98 ± 0.31	2.34 ± 0.31	2.63 ± 0.63	<0.001
Venous background SUVmean
Jugular veins	0.84 ± 0.13	0.92 ± 0.14	0.93 ± 0.18	NS
Superior vena cava	0.96 ± 0.11	0.84 ± 0.16	0.90 ± 0.20	NS
Arterial SUV–venous SUVmean
Carotid arteries	0.53 ± 0.20	0.86 ± 0.22	0.96 ± 0.28	<0.001
Ascending aorta	1.14 ± 0.22	1.49 ± 0.23	1.73 ± 0.54	<0.001
Whole artery TBRmax
Carotid arteries	1.55 ± 0.23	1.94 ± 0.27	2.13 ± 0.30	<0.001
Ascending aorta	2.36 ± 0.25	2.80 ± 0.31	2.97 ± 0.59	<0.001
Active segment approach
Carotid arteries (active ≥1.60)	48% of subjects	96% of patients	100% of patients
% active slices	32 ± 40%	80 ± 31%	90 ± 19%	0.020
TBRactive slices	1.79 ± 0.12	2.00 ± 0.29	2.09 ± 0.32	0.044
Ascending aorta (active ≥2.40)	88% of subjects	96% of patients	97% of patients
%active slices	74 ± 30%	88 ± 25%	91 ± 18%	NS
TBRactive slices	2.70 ± 0.21	2.97 ± 0.40	3.00 ± 0.49	NS

CVD = cardiovascular disease; ¹⁸F-FDG = ¹⁸fluorodeoxyglucose; SUV_max = maximum standardized uptake value; SUV_mean = mean standardized uptake value; TBR = target to background ratio (arterial wall SUV_max /venous background SUV_mean); TBR_max = 90th percentile of the TBR; TBR_{active slices} = percentage having at least 1 active slice.

^∗p Value for multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, smoking, body mass index, drug usage, lipid profile, and glucose.