Table 1. Patient characteristics.
| Low peak viral load [VL<10e4 c/ml] | High peak viral load [VL>10e4 c/ml] | BKVN | No BKPyV reactivation [NR] | Healthy individuals | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recipient | ||||||
| Number | 11 | 6 | 8 | 21 | 20 | |
| Age (median (yr), quartiles) | 63 (53–66) | 62 (54–65) | 58 (52–62) | 56 (47–65) | - | 0.79 |
| Gender (% male) | 45.5% | 66.7% | 50% | 61.9% | - | |
| Pre-transplant CMV status (% positive) | 45.5% | 50% | 87.5% | 85.7% | - | |
| Pre-transplant EBV status (% positive) | 90.9% | 100% | 100% | 100% | - | |
| Donor | ||||||
| Age (median (yr), quartiles) | 65 (63–70)° | 55 (46–61) | 47 (39–58)° | 53 (46–61) | - | 0.10 |
| Gender (% male) | 72.7% | 50% | 75% | 52.4% | - | |
| Deceased donor (%) | 45.5% | 50% | 75% | 71.4% | - | |
| HLA mismatches (median, quartiles) | ||||||
| HLA A | 1 (1–1) | 1 (0.3–1) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | - | 0.28 |
| HLA B | 1 (1–2) | 1 (1–1.8) | 1 (1–1.3) | 1 (1–2) | - | 0.89 |
| HLA DR | 1 (0.5–1.5) | 0.5 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–2) | - | 0.57 |
| HLA A/B/DR | 4 (2.5–4.0) | 2.5 (2–3.8)# | 2 (1.8–3) | 3 (2–5)# | - | 0.001 |
| BKV infection | ||||||
| Time point of reactivation (weeks post Tx) median [IQR] | 28 (27–33)* ° | 20 (15–22)* | 20 (13–25)° | - | - | 0.004 |
| Duration to peak viral load (weeks post Tx) median [IQR] | 28 (28–43) | 26 (22–26) | 38 (29–49) | - | - | 0.117 |
| BKV DNA load at peak (median (*10e3 copies/ml, blood), quartiles) | 2 (0.5–2.9)* ° | 52 (16–206)* ▫ | 422 (144–985)° ▫ | - | - | <0.001 |
| Graft outcome | ||||||
| Delayed Graft Function (% present) 2 | 27.3% | 50% | 50% | 47.6% | - | |
| Cold ischemia (median (h), quartiles) | 3 (2–14) | 7 (2–14) | 12 (5–18) | 13 (3–18) | - | 0.26 |
| Rejection episode < 1yr (% present) 1 | 9.1% | 16.7% | 12.5% | 4.8% | - | |
| Rejection episode > 1yr (% present) 1 | 10% | 0% | 12.5% | 10% | - | |
| eGFR 3 (median, (mL/min per 1.73 m2), quartiles) 3 | - | |||||
| 1 year post TX | 35.0 (29.0–43.5) | 44.0 (36.8–50.0) | 31.0 (29.0–43.0) | 45.0 (38.5–46.0) | - | 0.60 |
| 2 years post TX | 35.0 (32.0–39.0) | 52.0 (40.0–52.0) | 34.0 (25.5–38.8) φ | 45.5 (41.5–50.0) φ | - | 0.052 |
1 T-cell-mediated rejection and/ or Antibody-mediated rejection
2 Delayed graft function was defined as the need for dialysis in the first week following transplantation
3 Estimated GFR (eGFR) was calculated using the abbreviated MDRD formula published by Levey et al. [14]: eGFR = 175 x (Pcr ÷ 88.4)− 1.154 x age− 0.203 x 0.742 [if female] x 1.210 [if black]
(*) Rlow vs Rhigh;
(°) Rlow vs BKVN;
(▫) Rhigh vs BKVN;
(#) Rhigh vs NR;
(φ) BKVN vs NR.