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Hypothetical model for translation initiation from the 3′UTR of human transcript. mRNA is circularized as a result of interactions between the 50cap binding protein eIF4E, the scaffold protein eIF4G and the poly(A)-binding protein PABP. According to the proposed model, ribosomes are attracted to an IRES elements in the 30UTR of the circularized transcript (1), shunted to the 50 end (2), and initiate translation at the AUG of the encoded open reading frame (ORF) (3).
