Table 1.
Sample demographic, drinking problem severity, and behavioral economic indicators
| Demographic characteristics | |
| Gender (n and %) | |
| Male | 146 (76.44) |
| Female | 45 (23.56) |
| Ethnicity (n and %) | |
| White | 116 (60.73) |
| Others | 75 (39.27) |
| Married (n and %) | 69 (36.32) |
| Employed part/fulltime (n and %) | 72 (37.89) |
| Age in years (Mean and SD) | 50.09 (11.94) |
| Individual income ($) (Mean and SD) | 29,090 (34,694) |
| Education (in years) (Mean and SD) | 14.11 (2.57) |
| Drinking problem severity (Mean and SD) | |
| Problem duration in years | 17.74 (13.06) |
| Pre-resolution year drinking practices (TLFB) | |
| Days well-functioninga | 147.78 (128.60) |
| Alcohol consumed per drinking day (ml ethanol) | 207.22 (195.24) |
| Alcohol Dependence Scale (0 – 47) | 20.95 (10.40) |
| Drinking Problems Scale (0 – 40) | 17.60 (9.66) |
| Initial resolution status | |
| Resolved Abstinent (n and %) | 152 (79.58) |
| Resolved Non-Abstinent (n and %) | 39 (20.42) |
| Behavioral economic indicators (Mean and SD) | |
| Delay discounting (log k)b | − 5.71 (2.18) |
| Intensity of alcohol demand | 6.36 (9.78) |
| Ratio of overall favorable to locally favorable choices | 78.93 (893.23) |
| ASDE indexc | 0.34 (0.37) |
| ZTPI subscales | |
| Future (1 – 5) | 3.69 (0.59) |
| Present hedonistic (1 – 5) | 3.17 (0.53) |
| Present fatalistic (1 – 5) | 2.38 (0.68) |
N = 191.
Notes: Possible score ranges for scaled questionnaires are given in parentheses after the variable name. Higher Drinking Problems Scale scores indicate greater alcohol-related problems; higher Alcohol Dependence Scale scores indicate greater alcohol dependence levels. TLFB = Timeline Followback interview.
Days well-functioning = abstinent days plus drinking days < 4 drinks for women and < 5 drinks for men.
Delay discounting k parameter (log k) and total income were natural log transformed for analysis; participants with irrational response patterns on the DD task were excluded in calculation of log k.
ASDE = Alcohol-Savings Discretionary Expenditure index. Values could range from 1.0 to − 1.0 (1.0 = all DE for alcoholic beverages; − 1.0 = all DE were for saving money; 0 = equal proportions of DE for alcohol and savings).