Figure 9.
Western blot analysis of expression level of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins by MDA-MB-231 cells treated with CPMSNs (A–D). ER and mitochondrial membrane proteins along with p53 were found to be overexpressed in CPMSNs treated cells when compared to untreated cells. However, the expression of mitochondrial membrane protein Bcl-2 was found to be down regulated in treated cells, indicating the induction of mitochondrial dependant apoptosis. β-actin served as internal standard. (E) The schematic representation of molecular mechanisms involved in the induction of apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells while CPMSN targets the integrin receptors via interaction with cRGD to facilitate internalization of CPMSNs by cells. The intracellular acidic pH triggers rapid dissociation of nanocarrier resulting in discharge of TPT and QT drugs. The released drugs induce ER stress, activate p53 and promote loss of Δψm leading to apoptosis.