Fig. 1. Evolution of magnetic modes – from electric to magnetic resonance through metallic film-coupled plasmonic nanoparticles. (A) Surface charge pattern of an electric mode (EM), magnetic mode (MM), characteristic electric current loop (flow J) and representative inductor–capacitor (LC) model for one unit cell. (B) Schematic representation of the unit cell: gold nanorods (160 nm × 30 nm) on a 40 nm thin gold film. The short axis of the nanorod is used for the excitation by linear polarized light (transversal mode) and the long axis is used for directing the assembly process. (C) Calculated extinction cross-section at different particle-to-film distances, normalized against the bare gold film.