TABLE 3.
Outcomes of published studies using PDGFR inhibitors for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma*
| Authors & Year | Study Type & Trial Phase |
No. of Patients | Prior Treatment | Current Intervention & Regimen |
Radiographic Response |
PFS | OS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| imatinib | BBB permeability: poor & active efflux out via transporter | ||||||
| Dresemann, 2005 | Phase II clinical trial, single arm |
30 | radiotherapy, temozolo- mide, nitrosurea |
imatinib + hydroxyurea | CR or PR (20%) | 32% at 6 mos, 16% at 24mos |
4.8 mos |
| Reardon et al., 2005 |
Phase II clinical trial, single arm |
33 | at least temozolomide | imatinib + hydroxyurea | CR (3%), PR (6%), SD (42%), PD (48%) |
27% at 6 mos, median 3.5 mos |
12.2 mos |
| Wen et al., 2006 | Phase II clinical trial, single arm |
34 | did not specify | imatinib | PR (6%) | 3% at 6 mos | NA |
| Reardon et al., 2009 |
Phase II clinical trial, parallel arm |
231 | did not specify | imatinib + hydroxyurea | CR or PR (8%) | 11% at 6 mos, median 26.0 mos |
6.3 mos |
| Dresemann et al., 2010 |
Phase III clinical trial, randomized, multi- center, two arm |
240: hydroxyurea (n = 120); imatinib + hydroxyurea (n = 120) |
did not specify | hydroxyurea alone or imatinib + hydroxy- urea |
hydroxyurea: CR or PR (1%); hydroxyurea + imatinib: CR or PR (2%) |
hydroxyurea: 7% at 6 mos; hydroxyurea + imatinib: 5% at 6 mos |
hydroxyurea: 4.8 mos; hydroxyurea + ima- tinib: 5.3 mos |
|
| |||||||
| sorafenib | BBB permeability: good | ||||||
| Reardon et al, 201188 |
Phase II clinical trial, single arm |
32 | variable | sorafenib + temozolo- mide |
CR (0%), PR (3%), SD (47%), PD (50%) |
9% at 6 mos, median 6.4 mos |
10.4 mos |
| Zustovich et al, 2013 |
Phase II clinical trial, single arm |
43 | radiotherapy, temozolo- mide |
sorafenib + temozolo- mide |
CR(0%), PR (12%), SD (48%), PD (48%) |
26% at 6 mos, median 3.2 mos |
7.4 mos |
| Peereboom et al, 2013 |
Phase II clinical trial, single arm |
56 | did not specify | erlotinib + sorafenib | CR (0%), PR (5%), SD (41%), PD (45%) |
14% 6 mos, median 2.5 mos |
5.7 mos |
|
| |||||||
| sunitinib | BBB permeability: good but active efflux out via transporter | ||||||
| Kreisl et al., 2013 |
Phase II clinical trial, parallel arm |
63: bevacizumab resis- tant (n = 31); bevaci- zumab naive (n = 32) |
radiotherapy, temozolo- mide, w/ or w/o beva- cizumab |
sunitinib | bevacizumab resis- tant: CR or PR (0%); bevacizumab naive: CR or PR (10%) |
bevacizumab resis- tant: 0% at 6 mos; bevacizumab naive: 6% at 6 mos |
bevacizumab resistant: 4.4 mos; bevacizum- ab naive: 9.4 mos |
*
NA = not available.