Fig. 4.

Anti-IL-1β treatment leads to diminished pulmonary neutrophil accumulation and damage in B pseudomallei infection.

Wild-type mice (n = 7–8/group) were infected with 3 × 10² CFU B pseudomallei intranasally and received PBS or were treated 6 h postinfection with either ceftazidime (CAZ), anti-IL1β antibody, or both. At 24 and 72 h postinfection, mice were sacrificed. Ly6G staining was performed and Ly6G-positive % of total lung surface was calculated (A). Granulocyte influx in lung was additionally determined by MPO assay (B). Local, pulmonary organ damage was assessed by calculating pathology scores (C). Data are presented as means ± SEM. ^∗P <0.05. ^∗∗P <0.01. ^∗∗∗P <0.001 versus controls (Kruskal–Wallis test, followed by separate Mann–Whitney U tests). CFU indicates colony-forming units.