(A) Mice bearing subcutaneous H460 xenografts were treated with PPS1D1 (D1, n = 8, 0.25 mg/mouse, 3 times per week on a M-W-F schedule), PC462D1 (Control, n = 8, 0.25 mg/mouse, 3 times per week on a M-W-F schedule), docetaxel (n = 8, 5 mg/kg, 2×/week), or the combination of PPS1D1 and docetaxel (n=8, combo). Mean +/− SEM tumor volume is displayed. PPS1D1 displayed tumor burden effects as a single agent as well as in combination with docetaxel. (B, C) Tumor tissue harvested after 4 weeks of therapy was evaluated for cell proliferation (B, phopsho-histone H3) and apoptosis (C, cleaved caspase-3) by immunofluorescence. DAPI was used as a counterstain and to normalize quantification of reactivity. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.005. The PPS1D1 and docetaxel combination therapy strongly reduce cell proliferation and induce apoptosis.