Table 1.
Characteristics of study subjects.
| Characteristic assessed during 1-year baseline period | Statin initiators and matched noninitiators included in healthy user analysis
|
Statin initiators surviving 1 year from initiation date included in healthy adherer analysis
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Statin initiators | Noninitiators matched on age, sex, state | P value | Statin initiators— adherent | Statin initiators— nonadherent | P value | |
| Frequency (%)/mean | ||||||
| N | 38,585 | 38,585 | 26,165 | 3,510 | ||
| Pennsylvania residents | 46.61 | 46.61 | 1 | 48.05 | 39.37 | <0.0001 |
| Age (mean) | 76.05 | 76.06 | 0.862 | 75.74 | 76.24 | <0.0001 |
| Female | 84.23 | 84.23 | 1 | 84.88 | 85.36 | 0.46 |
| Race | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Black | 8.56 | 8.05 | 8.15 | 10.11 | ||
| White | 88.18 | 89.35 | 88.74 | 85.13 | ||
| Other | 3.26 | 2.60 | 3.11 | 4.76 | ||
| Number of physician visits (mean) | 8.55 | 8.04 | <0.0001 | 8.35 | 8.84 | <0.0001 |
| Number of medications used (mean) | 7.12 | 7.30 | <0.0001 | 7.14 | 7.38 | <0.0001 |
| Charlson comorbidity score (mean) | 1.12 | 1.14 | 0.1505 | 1.06 | 1.09 | 0.2036 |
| Acute care hospitalization | 11.80 | 13.53 | <0.0001 | 10.51 | 11.34 | 0.1362 |
| Nursing home stay | 1.35 | 2.04 | <0.0001 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.9724 |
| History of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 19.63 | 21.35 | <0.0001 | 18.73 | 20.74 | 0.0043 |
| History of stroke | 2.65 | 1.22 | <0.0001 | 2.20 | 1.79 | 0.1192 |
| History of dementia | 3.50 | 4.80 | <0.0001 | 2.68 | 2.45 | 0.4205 |
| History of depression | 7.97 | 8.54 | 0.0038 | 7.21 | 7.44 | 0.6306 |
| History of congestive heart failure | 5.91 | 5.70 | 0.2126 | 5.50 | 4.62 | 0.0294 |
| History of hip fracture | 0.85 | 1.37 | <0.0001 | 0.83 | 0.68 | 0.3786 |
| History of obesity | 3.07 | 2.65 | 0.0005 | 3.06 | 3.62 | 0.0751 |
| History of cancer | 1.13 | 2.35 | <0.0001 | 0.93 | 1.34 | 0.0203 |
| History of liver disease | 0.11 | 0.18 | 0.0046 | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.0783 |
| History of osteoarthritis | 18.36 | 17.58 | 0.0052 | 18.28 | 18.80 | 0.4486 |
| History of rheumatoid arthritis | 1.73 | 2.52 | <0.0001 | 1.59 | 1.88 | 0.1949 |
| History of atrial fibrillation | 8.15 | 8.42 | 0.1785 | 7.43 | 6.78 | 0.1665 |
| History of hypertension | 69.63 | 58.38 | <0.0001 | 70.34 | 64.33 | <0.0001 |
| Preventive service use | ||||||
| Bone mineral density test* | 6.45 | 5.61 | <0.0001 | 5.73 | 5.56 | 0.67 |
| Fecal occult blood test | 12.95 | 10.77 | <0.0001 | 13.87 | 12.56 | 0.0353 |
| Influenza vaccination | 44.09 | 40.56 | <0.0001 | 44.29 | 36.75 | <0.0001 |
| Mammography* | 19.30 | 16.07 | <0.0001 | 18.98 | 15.30 | <0.0001 |
| Prostate specific antigen test* | 6.62 | 5.01 | <0.0001 | 6.33 | 6.84 | 0.24 |
| Pneumonia vaccination | 7.31 | 6.14 | <0.0001 | 7.40 | 6.61 | 0.093 |
*
Bone mineral density testing percent is among women ≥65 years old, mammography percent is among women, and prostate specific antigen percent is among men.