Table 1. Summary of 1,831 S. Typhi.
Continent (region) | Country of origin (n⩾5) | Range of isolation dates (years) | Number of isolates |
---|---|---|---|
Asia | 1972–2012 | 1068 (58.3%) | |
Southeast Asia | 1976–2012 | 719 | |
Cambodia | 2007–2012 | 210 | |
Indonesia | 1976–2012 | 129 | |
Laos | 2000–2010 | 138 | |
Vietnam | 1972–2011 | 221 | |
Malaysia | 2005–2011 | 6 | |
Other (Philippines, Thailand, East Timor, Myanmar) | 2002–2012 | 15 | |
South Asia | 1977–2012 | 321 | |
Bangladesh | 1998–2012 | 51 | |
India | 1977–2012 | 174 | |
Nepal | 1999–2012 | 47 | |
Pakistan | 2003–2012 | 45 | |
Other (Sri Lanka, Afghanistan) | 2001–2012 | 4 | |
Western Asia | 1997–2011 | 25 | |
Iraq | 2006–2011 | 11 | |
Lebanon | 2001–2011 | 7 | |
Other (Armenia, Palestine, Turkey, Western Asia) | 1997–2011 | 7 | |
Eastern Asia | 2002–2011 | 3 | |
Other (China) | 2002–2011 | 3 | |
Africa | 1958–2013 | 374 (20.4%) | |
North Africa | 1961–2009 | 24 | |
Algeria | 1999–2009 | 7 | |
Morocco | 1999–2000 | 9 | |
Other (Sudan, Egypt, Tunisia) | 1961–2008 | 8 | |
East Africa | 1980–2010 | 115 | |
Kenya | 1998–2009 | 56 | |
Tanzania | 2006–2010 | 52 | |
Other (Comoros, Madagascar) | 1980–2002 | 7 | |
Central Africa | 1958–2011 | 49 | |
Cameroon | 1958–2009 | 27 | |
DRC | 1976–2011 | 17 | |
Other (Angola, Central African Republic) | 2001–2009 | 5 | |
West Africa | 1998–2009 | 30 | |
Other (Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Benin, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Gabon, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Mauritania, Senegal, Togo) | 1998–2009 | 30 | |
Southern Africa | 2004–2013 | 153 | |
Malawi | 2004–2013 | 112 | |
South Africa | 2004–2012 | 41 | |
Africa | 2009–2012 | 3 | |
Unknown | 2009–2012 | 3 | |
Europe | 1916–2009 | 7 (0.4%) | |
Eastern Europe | 1916–1996 | 2 | |
Other (Russia) | 1916–1996 | 2 | |
Western Europe | 2009 | 4 | |
Other (France (suspected African origin of infection)) | 2009 | 4 | |
Southern Europe | 2009 | 1 | |
Other (Malta) | 2009 | 1 | |
Australia and Oceania | 1980–2012 | 342 (18.7%) | |
Australia | 2010–2012 | 3 | |
Australia | 2010–2012 | 3 | |
Oceania | 1980–2012 | 339 | |
Fiji | 1981–2012 | 170 | |
Samoa | 1992–2012 | 117 | |
Papua New Guinea | 1980–2012 | 47 | |
Other (Tonga, Vanuatu) | 1980–2003 | 5 | |
North America | 1958–2011 | 5 (0.3%) | |
Other (USA, Mexico) | 1958–2011 | 5 | |
Central America | 2012 | 1 (0.05%) | |
Other (El Salvador) | 2012 | 1 | |
South America | 1905–2012 | 17 (0.9%) | |
Argentina | 1905–2006 | 10 | |
Other (French Guiana, Peru, South America ) | 2002–2012 | 6 | |
Unknown origin | 1939–2012 | 19 (1.0%) |
S. Typhi, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi.
Typhi isolates from the global collection, which were used to define genotypes. Countries with fewer than five isolates were grouped into the category ‘Other'; n indicates the number of such countries in each region.