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. 2016 Aug 4;28(9):2225–2237. doi: 10.1105/tpc.16.00439

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© 2016 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.

Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. More information is available at www.plantcell.org/site/license.

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Figure 6. — AtMMS21 Interferes with the Function of the E2Fa/DPa Complex in Plants.

(A) The phenotypes of the wild type, 35S: E2Fa-DPa, and three independent lines (#1, #2, and #3) from verified 35S:DPa-E2Fa-AtMMS21 plants. The photograph was taken 7 d after germination. Bar = 1 cm.

(B) Statistical data for root lengths of the indicated plants. The results are means ± sd from at least 35 seedlings per line at 7 DAG in three independent experiments. ***P < 0.001, Student’s t test.

(C) The phenotypes of 3-week-old seedlings.

(D) The endoreplication levels in the indicated plants were quantitatively analyzed by flow cytometry. The cotyledons of 8-d-old seedlings were used for analysis. The results are means ± sd from of at least three biological replicates.

(E) The relative expression levels of E2Fa target genes in the indicated plants were analyzed by real-time PCR. The expression level in the wild type was set to 1. The data are means ± sd from triplicate experiments. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, Student’s t test.

(F) The effect of mutated AtMMS21 on the function of E2Fa/DPa. The root length of two independent lines (#1 and #2) of 35S:E2Fa-DPa-AtMMS21mut was compared with that of the wild type, 35S:E2Fa-DPa, or 35S:E2Fa-DPa-AtMMS21. The photograph was taken at 7 d after germination, and the statistical data are means ± sd from at least 20 seedlings. ***P < 0.001, Student’s t test. Bar = 1 cm.