Table 1. Media cytokines after WFA treatment.
| Analyte |
Normalized concentrations |
|
|---|---|---|
| Vehicle | 2 μM WFA | |
| TNF-αa | 1.00 | 0.38 |
| IL-1α | 1.00 | 0.50 |
| EGF | 1.00 | 0.55 |
| IL-1β | 1.00 | 0.62 |
| LIX | 1.00 | 0.90 |
| IL-6 | 1.00 | 0.91 |
| RANTES | 1.00 | 0.95 |
| MIP-2 | 1.00 | 0.98 |
| VEGF | 1.00 | 1.01 |
| IP-10 | 1.00 | 1.08 |
| Leptin | 1.00 | 1.16 |
| IL-13 | 1.00 | 1.18 |
| GRO/KC | 1.00 | 1.20 |
| IL-2 | 1.00 | 1.21 |
| IL-12(p70) | 1.00 | 1.22 |
| IL-5 | 1.00 | 1.28 |
| MCP-1 | 1.00 | 1.29 |
| Fractalkine | 1.00 | 1.45 |
| IL-4 | 1.00 | 1.52 |
| IFNy | 1.00 | 1.59 |
| IL-18 | 1.00 | 1.70 |
| MIP-1α | 1.00 | 1.74 |
| GM-CSF | 1.00 | 1.86 |
| Eotaxin | 1.00 | 2.24 |
| IL-17A | 1.00 | 2.39 |
| IL-10 | 1.00 | 4.36 |
| G-CSF | — | — |
Abbreviation: WFA, withaferin A.
a
P<0.05, n=3 isolates from eight animals each