Table 1.

 Specific communication strategies that could facilitate patient‐family participation in decision making (modified from Epstein and Street ⁴¹ )

Communication strategy	Some utterances in the transcripts
Setting an explicit agenda	A: 02 B: 11
Facilitating patient discourse	A: 03, 05, 07, 09, 11, 13, 15, 17, 23, 33 B: 07, 12, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 30, 39, 41, 43, 45
Attending and responding to patients’ clues	A: 05, 07, 09, 11, 15, 21, 23, 27, 35, 41 B: 07, 09, 13, 17, 21, 23, 25, 29, 33, 35, 36, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49
Communicating empathy and warmth	A: 17, 19, 21, 23, 37 B: 09, 33, 35, 36, 39, 43
Offering opportunities for involvement	A: 27, 29, 31, 33, 37, 39, 45 B: 07, 09, 13, 17, 21, 23, 25, 26, 29, 30, 39
Encouraging patient’ involvement in the discussions and decision	A: 31, 45 B: 07, 09, 17, 21, 23, 25, 39
Exploring patients’ wishes about involvement in discussions (and respecting)	A: 31, 33, 39 B: 07, 09, 12, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 29, 30, 39, 45, 49
Exploring patients’ preferences (and accommodating)	A: 27, 29, 31, 33, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45 B: 07, 09, 12, 13. 14, 17, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 30, 39, 45, 49