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. 2012 Mar 6;17(2):186–196. doi: 10.1111/j.1369-7625.2011.00750.x

Table 3.

Strengths and limitations of designs stated by 85 participants

Design Design strengths Design limitations
Number (%) of comments Stated reasons, day and night* (in order of frequency) Number (%) of comments Stated reasons, day and night* (in order of frequency)
Women Men Women Men
Pull‐ups
 Day 64 (40.8) 52 (26.9) Comfortable 
Easy change 
Like normal pants/discreet 
No leaks 20 (11.0) 45 (20.9) Difficult to change (with trousers) 
Leaks
 Night 50 (41.3) 37 (22.6) 17 (13.6) 39 (21.9)
Inserts
 Day 36 (22.9) 26 (13.5) Easy change 
No leaks 
Discreet 
Comfortable 32 (17.6) 54 (25.1) Do not stay in place 
Leaks 
Bulky
 Night 18 (14.9) 17 (10.4) 27 (21.6) 44 (24.7)
All‐in‐ones
 Day 27 (17.2) 39 (20.2) No leaks 
Easy change 
Comfortable 41 (22.5) 35 (16.3) Bulk 
Difficult to change 
Tabs do not stick 
Sweaty/hot
 Night 18 (14.9) 36 (21.9) 24 (19.2) 28 (15.7)
T‐shaped/belted
 Day 22 (14.0) 47 (24.3) No leaks 
Easy change 
Comfortable 41 (22.5) 28 (13.0) Difficult to change 
Tabs/belt problems 
Leaks 
Uncomfortable
 Night 20 (16.5) 26 (15.8) 30 (24.0) 34 (19.1)
Washables
 Day 8 (5.1) 29 (15.0) No leaks 
Comfortable 
Cheap 
Good to environment 48 (26.4) 53 (24.7) Bulky 
Difficult to change 
Laundry 
Infantile
 Night 15 (12.4) 48 (29.3) 27 (21.6) 33 (18.5)
Total
 Day 157 (100) 193 (100) 182 (100) 215 (100)
 Night 121 (100) 164 (100) 125 (100) 178 (100)

*Strengths and limitations were similar for day and night use and are combined.