Table 1.

Scoring systems for surgery

Test	Predicting	Scoring	Evidence level	Recommendation
P‐POSSUM	Mortality and Morbidity	12 physiological and 6 operative variables	High	Strong
Lees index	Perioperative cardiac complications	6 preoperative clinical factors	Moderate	Strong
Cardiovascular Risk Calculator	Myocardial Infarct or Cardiac Arrest	4 preoperative clinical factors and 1 operative variable	Moderate	Strong
Shuttle Walk Test	Perioperative complications	Aerobic fitness	Moderate	Moderate
Shuttle Walk Test	Screening tool to proceed to CPET/echocardiography etc.	Aerobic fitness	Moderate	Strong
Cardiopulmonary Exercise testing (CPET)	Perioperative complications	Aerobic exercise – AT and VO2 max	Moderate	Strong
Cardiopulmonary Exercise testing (CPET)	Selecting patient's suitability for surgery	Aerobic exercise – AT and VO2 max	Moderate	Moderate
General Surgery Acute Kidney Injury Risk Index	Acute Kidney Injury	11 preoperative clinical factors	Moderate	Moderate

AT, anaerobic threshold; VO₂, maximum oxygen consumption.