Table 1. Estimated numbers of animals hunted for their hides in the central-western Brazilian Amazon (1904–1969).

Historical peak shows the year and estimated number of animals corresponding to maximum harvest for each species. Harvest change indicates the percentage change in modeled harvest for each species between a 5-year period centered on the overall pre-1965 peak harvest year for that species and the final 5-year period of exploitation from 1965 to 1969. The first peak occurred between 1937 and 1943 for every species except the capybara (1963). The final harvest for the manatee comprises meat production instead of hides and is taken from 1969 to 1973; see text for details. 95% bootstrapped CIs are shown in parentheses.

Species	Total (1904–1969)	Historical peak	Year	Harvest change
Terrestrial
Collared peccary (Pecari tajacu)	5,443,795 (4,740,807–6,177,067)	363,425 (238,190–500,988)	1969	15 (−22, 68)
Red brocket deer (Mazama americana)	4,152,218 (3,685,451–4,570,403)	169,885 (109,431–249,834)	1969	16 (−16, 71)
White-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari)	3,110,753 (2,598,553–3,626,290)	273,408 (212,667–356,238)	1939	−67 (−78, −51)*
Ocelot/margay (Leopardus pardalis/Leopardus wiedii)	804,080 (529,517–1,223,279)	44,448 (6,690–115,648)	1969	−13 (−66, 145)
Jaguar (Panthera onca)	182,564 (112,533–313,385)	9,344 (2,807–20,318)	1938	−30 (−88, 249)
Aquatic/semiaquatic
Black caiman (Melanosuchus niger)	4,415,469 (3,978,153–4,846,254)	313,907 (249,474–390,660)	1943	−92 (−95, −87)*
Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)	1,040,533 (896,826–1,223,881)	86,687 (61,431–115,778)	1963	−75 (−84, −61)*
Giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis)	386,491 (265,399–581,032)	35,589 (18,175–58,149)	1937	−88 (−96, −64)*
Neotropical otter (Lontra longicaudis)	362,335 (203,411–636,137)	14,919 (3,655–32,961)	1937	−20 (−82, 359)
Manatee (Trichechus inunguis)	113,033 (92,658–138,583)	15,872 (12,558–19,820)	1938	−91 (−94, −88)*

*Percentage harvest change is significantly different from zero at the 5% level.