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. 2016 Sep 28;31(12):1481–1497. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2016.1235166

Table 1. Means, standard deviations (SD) and effect sizes (Cohen’s d) by sample.

  Hungarian sample (N = 1139) Mean (SD) Manchester sample (N = 2004) Mean (SD) t (Cohen’s d)
Rumination 1.94 (0.48) 2.21 (0.62) 13.99*** (0.49)
Brooding 1.94 (0.56) 2.26 (0.71) 14.04*** (0.50)
Reflection 1.94 (0.58) 2.17 (0.70) 9.88*** (0.36)
BSI – Depression 0.56 (0.68) 1.04 (0.99) 16.30*** (0.57)
BSI – Anxiety 0.68 (0.70) 0.99 (0.99) 10.10*** (0.36)

Notes: BSI: Brief symptom inventory.

For all scales, a continuous weighted score (sum of item scores divided by the number of items completed) was calculated and used in the analyses.

***

p < .001.